Dental health is a key aspect of overall well-being, yet it’s often overlooked until problems arise. Among the most common dental issues are cavities, which affect people of all ages.
What are Cavities?
Cavities, also known as dental caries or tooth decay, are damaged areas in the hard surface of your teeth that develop into tiny openings or holes. Contrary to popular belief, cavities are not just a result of eating too many sweets. They can occur over time as a result of the process where different factors such as bacteria, frequent snacking, sipping sugary drinks, and neglecting to clean your teeth well, converge to degrade the tooth enamel.
The development of cavities is a gradual process and initially may not even cause any symptoms. This is why they often go unnoticed until a visit to a dentist. Regular dental check-ups can detect cavities early on, as untreated cavities can lead to severe toothache, infection, and even tooth loss.
How Do Cavities Form?
There are many factors involved in the formation of cavities, but it’s primarily influenced by the presence of bacteria in the mouth. Our mouths are home to various types of bacteria, some of which are beneficial, but others, especially those that feed on the sugars from our food and drink, can be harmful. When these bacteria metabolise sugars, they produce acids that gradually erode the tooth enamel, demineralising the tooth structure.
This process begins with the softening of the enamel and, if unchecked, progresses to the deeper layers of the tooth, creating a cavity. Factors that can exacerbate this include poor oral hygiene, inadequate fluoride exposure, frequent snacking on sugary foods, and a lack of regular dental check-ups. Recognising these can help in tailoring effective preventive strategies.
How To Treat Dental Cavities
Once a cavity has formed, it is imperative to treat it promptly to prevent further damage or complications. There are several treatment options available, depending on the extent of tooth decay and the specific needs of the patient.
1. Root Canal
A root canal is a treatment used to repair and save a tooth that is badly decayed or infected. During the procedure, the dentist removes the damaged area of the tooth (the pulp), cleans and disinfects it, and then fills and seals it. The common misconception that root canal treatments are painful is outdated, as modern dental technology and anaesthetics make this procedure as comfortable as possible. Opting for a root canal can be a tooth-saving procedure and is less invasive than extraction.
2. Extractions
Extraction involves removing the tooth altogether and may be necessary when the decay is so extensive that the tooth is unsalvageable. While this might solve the immediate problem of decay, it can lead to additional issues, such as shifting of the remaining teeth, changes in bite, and aesthetic concerns. Therefore, tooth extractions are usually considered a last resort.
3. Fillings
Fillings are the most common and effective treatment for cavities at their early stage. The decayed material is removed from the tooth, and a filling material is placed in the cavity to restore the tooth’s structure and function. Materials used can vary, including composite resins, porcelain, and dental amalgam, each having different aesthetic and functional benefits.
How to Prevent Cavities
Cavities are largely preventable with good oral hygiene practices and a healthy lifestyle. Regular brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and flossing at least once a day are fundamental in removing dental plaque and food particles stuck between teeth.
Reducing the intake of sugary snacks and drinks can drastically decrease the risk of cavities. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are vital, as a dentist can provide professional cleanings, and fluoride treatments, and identify and treat decay before it progresses into a cavity.
Prevention is always better than cure, especially when it comes to oral health. So don’t delay, book your next checkup with our team of experienced family dentists at First Impressions Dental. We always welcome new patients!